Research the Hessian Surname History Find out where your family name is from, what your ancestors did for a living, and who they were, using Ancestry.com records. 1572) Soldiers were paid relatively high wages, and their families were exempt from certain taxes. Johann (daughter b. 1572) of the Hessian name. [5] The use of "large armies of foreign mercenaries" was one of the 27 colonial grievances against King George III in the United States Declaration of Independence, while the Patriots used the deployment of Hessians to support their claims of British violations of the colonists' rights.[6]. Muster Rolls of Hessian units held at the Hessian State Archives in Marburg, made available by the Johannes Schwalm Historical Association (JSHA). The first Hessian troops to arrive in North America landed at Staten Island, New York on August 15, 1776. The average life expectancy for Hession in 1954 was 53, and 70 in 2004. The most Hessian families were found in USA in 1880. General John Burgoyne lost 1,000 of his 8,000 soldiers at Bennington, and the loss of so many Hessians doomed his army later. . Here you will find the distribution of your surname sorted by countries! Heinz (granddaughter b. 1,501 birth records, View When the Normans became the ruling people of England in the 11th century, they introduced a new language into a society where the main languages of Old and later Middle English had no definite spelling rules. In 1939, Coal Hewer Below and Unpaid Domestic Duties were the top reported jobs for men and women in the United Kingdom named Hessian. The surname Hessian is for a door keeper to a king. According to Maor the total number of Jews living in Hessen in 1961 was between 1563 and 2,142. Hessians fought at the Battle of Bennington, the turning point of the Saratoga campaign. Johann (b. Box 4422, Creative Tower, Hamad Bin Mohammed Street Fujairah, UAE, Education1st Recruitment & Consultancy 2018. 1584) The surname HESSE is derived from the Germanic tribe of the Hessians. *We display top occupations by gender to maintain their historical accuracy during times when men and women often performed different jobs. Sources. Over the course of the war, a total of about 30,000 troops came to North America. After the war ended in 1783, some 17,313 German soldiers returned to their homelands. By contrast, British prisoners were also held in Lancaster, but these men did not respond favorably to good treatment and often tried to escape.[37]. Their first engagement was less than two weeks later, in the Battle of Long Island, the first major battle in the war. We don't have any information on the nationality / ethnicity Jakob (d. 1580's) It is an Anglicized form of the Irish hOissn. London had the highest population of Hesse families in 1891. The American Declaration of Independence, written roughly a year after hostilities broke out, condemned King George III of "transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to [complete] the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation." Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. We don't have any alternate spellings or pronunciation information on the Hessian name. [3]. For the veterans among your Hession ancestors, military collections provide insights into where and when they served, and even physical descriptions. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the UK, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure. The SSDI is a searchable database of more than 70 million names. London had the highest population of Hesse families in 1891. 1567) (son b. ADVERTISEMENT Nhl Protocol List, Do not sell or share my personal information. Around 1,000 Hessians were defeated, killed, and captured by a raw, untrained militia force from Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Those killed from the House of Hesse are- 2 photos and 307 biographies with the Hessen last name. Frankfurt. 21% of Hession men worked as a Laborer and 14% of Hession women worked as a Stenographer. Between 1706 and 1707, 10,000 Hessians served as a corps in Eugene of Savoy's army in Italy before moving to the Spanish Netherlands in 1708. Selbold, now called Langenselbold, is 29km (18 mi) ENE of "James Ussher, the celebrated Archbishop of Armagh, was a son of A. Ussher, one of the six clerks in Chancery, descended from a branch of the Norman family of De Neville, which assumed the name of Le Uschere or Le Huissier, from the office of Ostiarius granted to them by King John. 1600) (m. 1584) (m. 1572) See Terms of Use for details. (Family History Library Ref943.41 K23p; microfiche 6053529). Prinz Carl K-4 Kassel Fuselier Regt. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. American history textbooks refer to them as "mercenaries", and they are still widely perceived as such in the popular imagination of the United States. Reitz (m. 1604) << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Prince William was a Freemason, and his younger brother Karl, was according to JEWS AND FREEMASONS IN EUROPE, 1723-1939, accepted as the head of all German Freemasons. Ernest Louis was the fourth child and eldest son of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Surname Name Meaning, Origin, and Etymology This is a German (and Ashkenazi Jewish) locational name that came to describe a person who was from the region of Hesse, which is currently a federal state in German. Within census records, you can often find information like name of household members, ages, birthplaces, residences, and occupations. 1. The most Hesse families were found in the USA in 1880. In the War of the Austrian Succession, both Britain and Bavaria employed Hessian soldiers against one another; in the Seven Years' War, the forces of Hesse-Kassel served with both the Anglo-Hanoverian and the Prussian armies against the French; although Hesse-Kassel was technically allied to Britain and Prussia, her troops were actually leased by the British. Records in this collection include population registers, certificates of citizenship, recordings of citizens and residents, and emigration records. Hession (pronounced "hesh + in") is an old Connacht Irish surname. It is estimated that of the roughly 30,000 Hessians who came to America, about 6,000 either deserted or were discharged and remained in the United States and Canada after the war. You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more. Hessians proved decisive to the British victory, and subsequently fought in almost every battle that year. Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the Hession surname lived. Some of the Hessian family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.Another 121 words (9 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible. Fey (b. All Hessian males were registered for military service at the age of seven, and from the age of 16 until 30, had to annually present themselves to an official for possible recruitment. Winthrop P. Bell, ed. Benjamin Franklin, "The Sale of the Hessians", (1777). A list of German origin and Americanised family names. Name: Nikolaus Becker Year: 1837 Place: America Family Members: With 3 relatives Source Publication Code: 170.16 Primary Immigrant: Becker, Nikolaus Annotation: Hessian Immigrants: Index to Family Names. Elizabeth (son b. View Social Security Death Index (SSDI) for Hessian. Reitz (d. 1643, Sehlucturm(? diss., Florida State University 2007, p. 123-124, Colonel of the Hesse Cassel Garrison Regiment Von Seitz see Hessian (soldiers). Some less common occupations for Americans named Hessian were Lawyer and Clerk. They were highly trained soldiers and had a "take no prisoners" attitude. You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more. Hesse (Hessen), German Empire Genealogy Germany Hesse (Hessen) Guide to Hesse (Hessen), German Empire ancestry, family history, and genealogy before 1945: birth records, marriage records, death records, both church and civil registration, compiled family history, and finding aids. These are the earliest records we have of the Hessian family. 1574) For example: I have a Hessian! Researching family history is much more than just names and dates. Hans (b. Working against what the family called its "hushed tradition." they have traced their heritage to a Hessian rifleman in the Regiment von Knyphausen who came over with British troops in 1976 . Look beyond the names and dates to understand how and why your Hessian ancestors lived and strived to make a better life for their descendants. We found 205,299 records for Hessian last name See Hessian in the 1950 US Census 4,476 Family Trees 3,118 Census & Voter Lists 2,436 Birth, Marriage & Death 2,191 Photos View all records Great Britain maintained a relatively small standing army, so it found itself in great need of troops at the outset of the American Revolutionary War. Ebrahimi. Melchior (d. 1580's) Kniss (b. Thonges (a pet form of Anthonius) (m. 1584) 1567) Hans (granddaughter b. When military conflict broke out, as it often did in Europe, German states provided a ready supply of trained troops prepared to go into action immediately. 1567) The average age of a Hessian family member is 75.0 years old according to our database Click. [11] The military was the dominant force in the country. Records of the Hessian Family, Share yesterday to connect today & preserve tomorrow, Copyright 1999-2023 AncientFaces, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Hessen-Battenberg AD 1888 - 1917. Margareta (daughter [also Margareta] b. Anna (m. 1609) 1574) The only viable successor to the [of Hesse] lineage, twenty-three year old Eleonore Maria Devin is allegedly considering reinstating the House of Hesse royal presence in Europe. Korean Academy Of Film Arts, Initially, the typical regiment was made up of 500 to 600 men. In 1840 there were 3 Hessen families living in Pennsylvania. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the USA, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure. Sneider, Thomas, see Schneider, Thomas, Hessians of N.S. You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more. Reichart (d. bef 1584) We don't have any information on the origins of the Hessian name. To field a large professional army with a relatively small population, it became the most militarized state in Europe: 5.2 to 6.7% of its population was under arms in the 18th centurywith one in four households having someone serving in the armya larger proportion than even heavily-militarized Prussia. To this end, we maintain the Medieval Names Archive and Medieval Heraldry Archive. In early history the Vandals, Goths, Huns, and Alemans swept into this region from the east and from the north. This was about 63% of all the recorded Hessian's in United Kingdom. Engel (m. 1606) Weinmuth (of Neuenhess., daughter b. Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. This was about 43% of all the recorded Hessen's in the USA. "[21] Hessian troops served in America on official duty from the armed forces of Hesse-Cassel and Hesse-Hanau. Like a window into their day-to-day life, Hessian census records can tell you where and how your ancestors worked, their level of education, veteran status, and more. John lived in 1928, at address, Illinois. View Social Security Death Index (SSDI) for Hessian. Well before the American Revolutionary War, Hessian soldiers were familiar in battlefields across 18th-century Europe. 1570) The "Grand Duchy of Hesse" was originally formed on the basis of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806. Anglo-Norman names are characterized by a multitude of spelling variations. Removing this item from your shopping cart will remove your associated sale items. [35] British soldiers were offered 50 to 800 acres, depending on rank. This was about 28% of all the recorded Hession's in USA. Hessian Manual, Fourth Part: Sovereign Lands and Acquired Jurisdictions (German) Emigration HETRINA series -- Hessian Troops in the American Revolution (German-English) 7 volumes of family name indexes incl. They were privates, ranging from 21 to 28 years old, serving with the Regiment von Knyphausen -- Heinrich Euler, Conrad Roth, Johann Heinrich Grein, Daniel Schaef, and Ludwig Juppert. Most infantrymen were chasseurs (sharpshooters), musketeers, and fusiliers. While regarded, both contemporaneously and historiographically, as mercenaries,[4] Hessians were legally distinguished as auxiliaries: whereas mercenaries served a foreign government of their own accord, auxiliaries were soldiers hired out to a foreign party by their own government, to which they remained in service. How can I find the names on rosters of Hessian soldiers, particularly those who may have settled in the NY area? Smithmyer, Christian, see Schmidtmeyer. More than half of these came from Hesse, which led to all auxiliary troops being refereed to as Hessians, regardless of their true state of origin. Are you sure you want to delete this item from your shopping cart? 1600) (granddaughter b. Historical records and family trees related to Martin Hessian. Click. 1570) [22] Protocol I also requires a mercenary to be "promised, by or on behalf of a Party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party. Browse profiles of historical people with the Hessian last name, This page needs Javascript enabled in order to work properly. The most Hessian families were found in USA in 1880. An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your Hessian ancestors lived in harsh conditions. Else (daughter b. John Hessian 1914 John Hessian in U.S. Yearbooks Name Index, 1890-1979. Click on the name of the province or duchy to find lists of available online records as well as detailed information on searching church records in that locality. Click. Balthaser (d. bet. The SSDI is a searchable database of more than 70 million names. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. Kniess (son b. Ebadi. Part 2: IDENTIFYING PRINCIPALITY, REGIMENT AND HOMETOWN . German Soldiers in the American Revolution", Herbert M. Bahner and Mark A. Schwalm, "Johann Nicholas Bahner From Reichenbach, Hessen To Pillow, Pennsylvania", "Revolutionary War The Hessian involvement", 16 November 1776, he captured Fort Washington, "Chapter XXV: The Hessians in New Jersey", The Hessians and the other German auxiliaries of Great Britain in the revolutionary war, The German Element in the War of American Independence/5 German Mercenaries, Johannes Schwalm Historical Association website, Historical Project: Letters by a Hessian Officer, Diary and letters covering the role of Hessian troops in America, "Treaty with the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel, signed January 15, 1776", Soldatenhandel under Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel (German Wikipedia). Those things are an important starting Ernest Louis Charles Albert William (de: Ernst Ludwig Karl Albert Wilhelm), (25 November 1868-9 October 1937) was the last Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 1892 until 1918. Source: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain, 2021. Anna (b. 1,703 Heinz (daughter b. . Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. This order began to have influence only when "our Germans, teachable as they are" had learned to "stammer a little English." 4 0 obj Irish (Galway and Mayo): variant of Hesson . Names Directory. Prennes (d. before 1585) Officers were usually well-educated, and in contrast to most European armies, promoted on the basis of merit. The elite Jger battalions used the Bchse, a short, large-caliber rifle well-suited to woodland combat. "A Hessian conscript's account of life in garrison at Halifax at the time of the American Revolution". 1567) Balthaser(d. bet. Katharina (b. [2], In Essex, the first record of the family was found at Colchester where Richard Ussier was registered. 1574) Pennsylvania to Ohio, privately published 1986. I need someone to give me the information from the book "Hessian Immigrants: Index to Family Names, Book II: Immigrants from Hesse-Kassel, 1840-1850." My great great grandmother, Philippina Hoffmann, married a man, Johann Heinrich Eckhardt, who appears in this book, according to ancestry.com, on Page 104. The chaplain records that General Howe pardoned the Jaeger officer and issued an order that "the English should treat the Germans as brothers." You can see how Hession families moved over time by selecting different census years. Men's Names Adam(grandson b. [19] Military historians Dennis Showalter and Rodney Atwood note that Hessians would not have been legally considered mercenaries at the time, but rather auxiliaries. Apparently, this was a prerequisite for the English to show them any affection. *We display top occupations by gender to maintain their historical accuracy during times when men and women often performed different jobs. 1570) 1584) Konrad (m. 1584) Rush Hockey 2020, "'Barbarous Strangers': Hessian State and Society during the American Revolution", Krebs, Daniel. In 1891 there were 43 Hessian families living in Lancashire. Former allies were contacted for help, and, following a common practice at the time, auxiliary troops from foreign countries were hired. In 1940, Laborer and Stenographer were the top reported jobs for men and women in the USA named Hession. [9][10] Whereas Prussia relied partly on mercenaries from other German states, Hesse-Kassel employed only Landeskinder, native men. Hesse's largest city is Frankfurt am Main. 1570) stream This site was created using MyHeritage. Many German societies became militarized, with most men undergoing annual training from adolescence well into adulthood, often serving for life or until they were too old. (Retrieved 2016, January 12) . The Baron fought in the American Revolution, particularly on, Last edited on 23 February 2023, at 01:30, United States Declaration of Independence, German troops fighting on the British side, The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776, Hesse-Hanau Troops in the American Revolutionary War, "Hessians: The Best Armies Money Could Buy", "Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949", "Hessians. A list of German origin and Americanised family names. 1585) In the Battle of Trenton, the Hessian force of 1,400 was quickly overwhelmed by the Continentals, with only about 20 killed and 100 wounded, but 1,000 captured. 27% of Hessian men worked as a Laborer and 25% of Hessian women worked as a Teacher. In addition to parishes of a soldier's home town, military parishes associated with a soldier's regiment may also provide records about an ancestor. Protocol I (1977) to the Geneva Convention defines a mercenary as "any person who has not been sent by a State which is not a Party to the conflict on official duty as a member of its armed forces. Langenselbold Kirchebuch, established with the Lutheran church in ), Hessians would not be categorized as mercenaries under modern international law. These are the longest-lived members of the Hessian family on AncientFaces. In Irish, it is pronounced "O + hush + een".. try{ e.c=jQuery(e.c);var i=jQuery(window).width(),t=9999,r=0,n=0,l=0,f=0,s=0,h=0; The most Hession families were found in USA in 1920. Cunz (granddaughter b. "Letters from a Hessian mercenary. Find the names and birth dates of Hessian family members, different addresses of residence, family members' occupations as well as death and burial information. It is an Anglicized form of the Irish hOissn. [5] They served with distinction in many battles, most notably at White Plains and Fort Washington. [18] By contrast, British historian Stephen Conway referred to them as "auxiliaries". Conflict between and among these states led to the creation of professional armies, which were consequently experienced and well trained. Further research showed the name was derived from the Old French word l'ussier, meaning the door keeper. 1572) 1584) Anton(~1589) Anton(m. 1584) Balthasar(son b. View Census Data for Hessian | Data not to scale. View Census Data for Hession | Data not to scale. There are 3,000 census records available for the last name Hessian. Linux Kernel Programming Course, 2nd Floor, 5 High Street, Bristol, BS9 3BY, United Kingdom, P.O. 100% of Hessian men worked as a Coal Hewer Below and 100% of Hessian women worked as an Unpaid Domestic Duties. [5] The added manpower and skill of German troops greatly sustained the British war effort, though it also outraged colonists and increased support for the Revolutionary cause. 1 for Waldeck & 2 for Hanau regiments HESAUS books -- Hessian Emigrants (German-English) Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the Hessian surname lived. Later in the war, due to death in battle, death by disease, and general desertion to settle in the Colonies, the regiments may have been reduced to only around 300 to 400 men. [8] German states varied considerably in size and wealth, and several came to rely on their troops as an economic resource, especially since sustaining a standing army was costly. Hesse-Kassel manufactured its own weapons and uniforms, and its textile industry was so prosperous from supplying the military that workers could afford to buy meat and wine every day. R Emigration to New Zealand followed in the footsteps of the European explorers, such as Captain Cook (1769-70): first came sealers, whalers, missionaries, and traders. Lancashire had the highest population of Hessian families in 1891. Derived from the Arabic word 'ibad', Ebadi is the plural of the word 'abd', meaning 'servant' or 'slave'. Anna (daughter m. 1584) Many settled in German-speaking areas in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, and the Carolinas. [25] Many princes were closely related to the British House of Hanover and were comfortable placing their troops under British command. However, morale was generally high, and soldiers were said to take pride in their service. Linux Kernel Programming Course, Other contingents came from Brunswick (4,300), Ansbach-Bayreuth (2,353), Anhalt-Zerbst (1,119), and Waldeck (1,225). Margareta (m. 1572) Henn (granddaughter b. Browse profiles of historical people with the Hessian last name, This page needs Javascript enabled in order to work properly. 1937-A Junkers Ju 52 aircraft carrying various members of the Hessian family crashes in Ostend, Belgium and kills all on board. There are 12,000 census records available for the last name Hession. 1608) Hans (daughter m. 1584) By 1762, 24,000 Hessians were serving with Ferdinand of Brunswick's army in Germany. In 1880 there were 54 Hession families living in New York. Nova Scotia had the highest population of Hessian families in 1911. The Hessian family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. "Hessians:" German Soldiers in the American Revolutionary War. By 1838, the British New Zealand Company had begun buying land from the Maori tribes, and selling it to settlers, and, after the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, many British families set out on the arduous six month journey from Britain to Aotearoa to start a new life. Wannemacher (1821-1891): Their Ancestors and Descendants From Germany to Our primary purpose is to assist members of medieval re-enactment groups like the Society for Creative Anachronism to find historically accurate medieval names and coats of arms. Fischer (~1589) (daughter b. Protestant Churches in Germany. of 88 people with the last name Hessian There are 1,000 military records available for the last name Hessian. We don't have any alternate spellings or pronunciation information on the Hessian name.