Alex is standing in line at Wal-Mart waiting to pay for his purchases. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(1), 166171. And self-fulfilling prophecies are ubiquitouseven teachers expectations about their students academic abilities can influence the students school performance (Jussim, Robustelli, & Cain, 2009). a. her "macho" style What they have in common is that they are all forms of ________. b. women under age 35; women over age 35 Which communicator would likely be the MOST persuasive? Tajfel and Wilkes (1963) performed a simple experiment that provided a picture of the potential outcomes of categorization. b. Making things even more difficult, stereotypes are strongest for the people who are in most need of changethe people who are most prejudiced (Lepore & Brown, 1997). Prejudice based on socially significant physical distinctions is known as. Psychological Bulletin, 76(5), 349364. Confusing one person with another: What errors reveal about the elementary forms of social relations. Which group of Americans has the highest college graduation rate? Even Black people themselves respond more quickly to positive words that are associated with White rather than Black faces on the IAT, suggesting that they have subtle racial prejudice toward Blacks. d. institutional racism. b. Germany; urban (A) Policy dividends represent earnings to shareowners who hold stock in insurance companies. baseball. the majority of the confederates gave a wrong answer (for instance line 2 when the correct answer was line 3) . Orlando, FL: Academic Press. "The typical job applicant worries about his chances of getting the job." Federal Register :: Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Although he couldn't seem to beat his prior record while practicing, he surpassed it easily during the final meet as his friends cheered him on. Eastern European Americans a. only prejudiced people will discriminate. d. Neighborhood segregation remains especially high in metropolitan areas. Which statement about Theodor Adorno's research would Adorno most agree with? a. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 4855. Contextual moderation of racial bias: The impact of social roles on controlled and automatically activated attitudes. 1. the standards and values of dominant groups 2. various groups' power within society 3. the standards and values of subordinate groups 4. social interaction The standards and values of dominant groups, various groups' power within society, and social interaction Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). but that reflect a more negative connotation for the female term. II. c. It outlawed discriminatory voting practices. The statements were controlled so that across all the research participants, the statements made by the men and the women were of equal length and quality. d. honesty is one trait more strongly associated with working-class than middle-class women. 1 We attribute most of what people do to the influence of situations. IV. b. countries with more gender inequality were characterized by greater sexism. Race and ethnicity shape internal and external perceptions of a group. b. Categorization is frequently based on easily identifiable attributes. Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2003). b. institutional racism. Calibrating prejudice in milliseconds. A. Classification and quantitative judgment. Which of the following statements concerning workers' compensation is NOT correct? b. essentialism. When we make situational attributions, we are identifying the source of an action as something ________. Linville, P. W., Salovey, P., & Fischer, G. W. (1986). 3 behavioral On the other hand, sometimes these beliefs are negative, and they create negative self-fulfilling prophecies such that we perform more poorly just because of our knowledge about the stereotypes. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. (2002). The Integrity survey includes statements . Brown, R. (1995). a. Generics express generalizations, but unlike quantified statements, generics do not carry information about how many members of the kind or category have the property. Account. The 1964 Civil Rights Act accomplished what? stereotyping? The participants evidently categorized the speakers by their gender, leading them to make more within-gender than across-gender confusions. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(10), 807820. New York, NY: Harcourt & Brace. De facto segregation, or segregation "in fact," was completely eliminated. In this case, categorization into two groupsthe short lines group and the long lines groupproduced a perceptual bias such that the two groups of lines were seen as more different than they really were. b. A. d) Secondary research is cheaper than primary research. d. The Japanese families' assimilation into U.S. society accelerated after the war. a. I think you would agree that you are more likely to categorize yourself as a member of your college or university when your basketball or football team has just won a really important game, or at your commencement day ceremony, than you would on a normal evening out with your family. In college textbooks approximately one-half of the references to women are specifically a. non-Hispanic whites attitude best reflects: a. prejudice. television. b. A Immigrants are sometimes blamed for low wages. b. still show more male characters than female characters in basic readers and math materials Both Middle Easterners and North Africans are white. d. Perhaps the single most significant race-based explanation of Black-white inequality is the restriction or segregation of Blacks in physical space known as the ghetto. movies, and theater B) Social categorization can lead to unconscious stereotyping and prejudices. d. a, b, and c, There is a greater underrepresentation of ____________ than ___________ in movies and c. working-class women are perceived more positively than are middle-class women. activities. Prejudice occurs when one acts on a behavior whereas discrimination represents one's attitude. For instance, in one version of the IAT, participants are shown pictures of men and women and also shown words related to gender stereotypes (e.g., strong, leader, or powerful for men and nurturing, emotional, or weak for women). Which factor significantly decreased the likelihood of conformity in Solomon Asch's studies? In one of the experimental conditions, participants simply saw six lines, whereas in the other condition, the lines were systematically categorized into two groupsone comprising the three shorter lines and one comprising the three longer lines. 3 One confederate gave a correct response. Without power, the fish in the fish tanks at each store will die. C. One's behavior is independent of societal expectations and roles. Now, rather than perceiving themselves as members of two different groups (men versus women), John and Sarah might suddenly perceive themselves as members of the same social category (students at their college). c. Segregation b. c. scapegoating Scientists today dispute the theory that races have significant genetic differences. Gender stereotyping research that focused on the ethnicity of the target found that: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(5), 808817. 5. Anxiety and depressive disorders are related through comorbidity and shared risk factors. c. ethnicity. C) The more complex the category, the less likely we are to use prototype theory. If employees receive a contribution of 3% of total compensation, then an . 2 He made a dispositional attribution. Claude Steele and Joshua Aronson (1995) tested the hypothesis that these differences might be due to the activation of negative stereotypes. Social Categorization and Stereotyping | Principles of Social Psychology Because the threat is in the air, Black students may be negatively influenced by it. Denying Francisco a raise is an example of Research has found that the experience of stereotype threat can help explain a wide variety of performance decrements among those who are targeted by negative stereotypes. And this social categorization might lead them to become more aware of the positive characteristics of their college (the excellent basketball team, lovely campus, and intelligent students) in comparison with the characteristics of the other school. Shortening the project by assigning more resources to one or more of the critical tasks is called "project crashing." b. The point at which operating income is equal to $0. During the year, the following transactions occurred. None of these choices. The point at which operating income is equal to $0. Stereotype threat is not, however, absolutewe can get past it if we try. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? Entropy-related risks were soon translated into the "infodemic", a wide-spread phenomenon with psychosocial and cultural roots. Which of the following statements are accurate? - Brainly.com 2 It is deliberate and conscious. Why do you (or dont you) categorize? There are clear-cut physical differences between races. 20 4 We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to the shortcomings of others. We actively categorize not only objects, but also ideas and events. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33(3), 331343. a. This problem has been solved! 44; 22 b. laws limiting the rights of blacks in the South during the Civil War Which of the following statements concerning stereotypes is not correct? Mexicans in cities like Los Angeles and San Antonio end up living in segregated, high-poverty communities in which institutions, such as schools, have inferior resources and foster low expectations of their students; this situation may facilitate the categorization of Mexicans as a race. We experience more negative affect (particularly anxiety) when we are with members of other groups than we do when we are with people from our own groups, and we need to use more cognitive resources to control our behavior because of our anxiety about revealing our stereotypes or prejudices (Butz & Plant, 2006; Richeson & Shelton, 2003). d. And there is often good agreement about the stereotypes of social categories among the individuals within a given culture. What is important is to reduce the self-concern that is engaged when we consider the relevant negative stereotypes. a. The participants were shown the list of all the statements that had been made, along with the pictures of each of the discussion group members, and were asked to indicate who had made each of the statements. Which statement is an accurate characterization of the concept of race? . a. create massive numbers of jobs. What does she write concerning Alex? which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? What does GDP measure, and why is it important? In most cultures, men are more likely to be in higher-status occupations, such as doctors and lawyers, whereas women are more likely to play the role of homemakers and child-care workers. C. It forms the anterior boundary of the interventricular . Stone, J. b. Puerto Ricans b. a. immigrants. b. essentialism. d. Authoritarianism reflects patterns of thought in general as well as the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. doi: 10.1177/0146167201278007. b. white women Which of the following was a consequence of the U.S. policy of forcing Japanese families into "relocation centers" during World War II? Question 1 Which 3 statements regarding subaccounts are true? Confidentiality c. Integrity. d. El Salvadoran Americans, During which period were Mexican workers admitted without much restriction? Furthermore, one half of the participants were told that when the presentation was over, they would be asked to remember which person had made which suggestion, whereas the other half of the participants were told merely to observe the interaction without attending to anything in particular. Critiques Strengthen and Improve the Original Findings: Rejoinder to 3 Two tennis players become good friends. a. had developed cultural differences but were essentially very similar. a. receiving unwanted sexual advances Which of the following groups is most likely to experience age-based prejudice? This shows that d. 94; 62, Cross-cultural research on ambivalent sexism showed that: She negatively evaluates a Hispanic applicant because she has "no cultural flavor" in her application. Chapter 12 Psychology Correction Flashcards | Quizlet The cluster of traits that includes being independent, ambitious, and achievement-oriented is, According to the text, in North American society _______ traits are more likely to be associated. b. Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review. Which factor is LEAST likely to explain IQ differences between Blacks and whites? c) the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. Solved 1.) Which of the following statements | Chegg.com Both PERT and CPM require that network tasks have unchanging durations. a. It turns out that John does not think there should be a womens studies program at the college, and he tells Sarah so. c. Black children and white children still attend separate schools in most rural areas of the South. a. Assimilation In 2019, approximately 53.6 million metric tons of electronic and electric waste (e-waste) was generated globally, and according to some estimations the annual amount of e-waste will exceed 74 million metric tons by 2030 (Forti et al., 2020: 23).Branded as a solution, the circular economy promises to "design out" waste and keep products and materials in circulation through optimized . The stereotypes are pictures in our heads of the social groups (Lippman, 1922). a. stress the importance of improving one's physical attractiveness through diet, exercise and which of the following statements concerning social categorization is The bogus pipeline procedure suggests that people may frequently mask their negative beliefs in publicpeople express more prejudice when they are in the bogus pipeline than they do when they are asked the same questions more directly. involvement d. Hispanics, Which group of Americans has the lowest median household income? A. acting with prejudice A. "The fund-raising committee chairman suggested that the group sponsor a raffle." Based on your knowledge of social psychology, which phenomenon may have contributed to the errant putt? ), Stereotype accuracy: Toward appreciating group differences (pp. Gender stereotypes stem from the distribution of women and men into social roles. c. the social categorization perspective. d. Mexican Americans. d. depiction of female communion and male agency, Currently, nearly equal numbers of females and males appear as central characters in: B. automatic Chul Soo is Korean and currently lives in Seoul. This difference is an example of TikTok as a source of information regarding premature ejaculation: a 2 A girl marries the boy next door. FA Judgement of Numerical Equivalence and Numerical Categorization by Benefits include medical care costs and disability income. a. often misunderstand what was really an innocent comment. d. Latin America or Asia. d. a and b, Which of the following statements regarding the portrayal of women of color on television is/are C. purposeful Race and ethnicity are both forms of social categorization. 1 You are a lousy cook but you keep trying different recipes. b. scapegoat. Despite the increased participation of women in sports, female athletes continue to be d. Whites sometimes assume that the Asian American person they are speaking to is an immigrant. b. Mexico Looking for truth in all the wrong places? such as martial arts, shotput, and weightlifting received extensive media coverage. abilities 2 See answers Advertisement In 2013, ______ of Americans eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds supported interracial marriage. On philosophical idling: the ordinary language philosophy critique of b. having few billable hours B) The simpler the category, the less likely we are to use prototype theory. 1 The task difficulty was increased. ceremonies 4 "She did a good job because she's talented. d. Whites may often benefit from it without even realizing it. Bias against people because of their disabilities is known as: Asymmetric search of individuating information about stereotyped group members. Stereotyping others is simply unfair. Neither individual could move the couch separately, but together, they will be able to move it. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? a) Secondary research can be organized in-house or via a research agency. a. modern; benevolent d. Jennifer Lee, Who argued that by the 1980s the economic conditions of Blacks had become central to their life chances? Based on research presented in the d. benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. (2005). Early experiences of failure increase an individual's sense of competence. Both Middle Easterners and North Africans are nonwhite. b. eugenics. c. have increased use of sexual imagery in recent years. The cognitive monster: The case against the controllability of automatic stereotype effects. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The study of neuroendocrinology examines how the brain and ________ work together to coordinate the physiological functioning of the body., According to one model, stress is the result of systemic activation of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the ________. In support of this hypothesis, Steele and Aronsons research revealed that Black college students performed worse (in comparison with their prior test scores) on math questions taken from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) when the test was described to them as being diagnostic of their mathematical ability (and thus when the stereotype was relevant) but that their performance was not influenced when the same questions were framed as an exercise in problem solving. And in another study, Steele and Aronson found that when Black students were asked to indicate their race before they took a math test (again activating the stereotype), they performed more poorly than they had on prior exams, whereas the scores of White students were not affected by first indicating their race. Multiple social categorization. c. suggestive clothing Race can be understood as a classification system that assigns individuals and groups to categories that are ranked or hierarchical. b. a. Categorization is an ability that begins to develop at the age of 5 in humans. Once the participants are convinced that the researcher is able to assess their true attitudes, it is expected that they will be more honest in answering the rest of the questions they are asked because they want to be sure that the researcher does not catch them lying. c. Sports announcers highlight female athletes' femininity and minimize their athletic ability. blender scale object to specific size; randolph county sheriff's report; . (2007). d. her unfeminine walk. Steve's attitude is an example of One day, the power goes out. Subaccounts provide more detail on accounts in reports in a simple and straightforward way You can collapse or expand each group of accounts on reports, depending on the arrow direction next to the group Subaccount balances appear indented under the parent account on reports Subaccounts do not count . a. Lawrence Bobo text, which of the following titles would be most helpful to her? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(7), 778793. Macrae, C. N., Bodenhausen, G. V., Milne, A. d. Middle Easterners are nonwhite and North Africans are white. Essential Principles to Create an Equitable, Inclusive, and Diverse EMS Jussim, L., Robustelli, S. L., & Cain, T. R. (2009). Alec was excited that he made it to the finals in swimming. He receives two very promising applications from individuals who both are college educated and hold well-paying jobs. Conduct test at the 5% 1 "I did a good job because I'm smart." Bus311.docx - Question 1 1 out of 1 points Which of the following doi: 10.1111/j.17519004.2010.00306.x. Furthermore, the categories are arranged such that the responses to be answered with the left and right buttons either fit with (match) the stereotype or do not fit with (mismatch) the stereotype. Although the meaning of the IAT has been debated (Tetlock & Mitchell, 2008), research using implicit measures does suggest thatwhether we know it or not, and even though we may try to control them when we canour stereotypes and prejudices are easily activated when we see members of different social categories (Barden, Maddux, Petty, & Brewer, 2004). Annual non-discrimination testing is required for a plan that integrates with Social Security. c. increase tax breaks to Black churches. (1999). Imagine now that while John and Sarah are still talking, some students from another college, each wearing the hats and jackets of that school, show up in the student union. A researcher sends two sets of Hispanic undergraduates out to interact with others and find out how people stigmatize one of two conditions: a student who speaks limited English or a student who is clearly fluent in English. c. Africans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(1), 2136. Furthermore, attempting to prevent our stereotype from coloring our reactions to others takes effort. Prejudice: Its social psychology. c. modern sexism and hostile sexism. Soci 3270 Test 2 Questions Flashcards The IMA's Statement of Ethical Professional Practice includes all but which of the following broad categories? d. ethnic groups exist separately and share equally in economic and political life. C. A worker receives benefits only if the work-related injury was not his or her fault. c. across countries, men showed stronger hostile sexism than women did. c. Black women; Asian American women Nosek, B. c. White women under age 35 Psychological Bulletin, 112(3), 536552. Race And Ethnicity Flashcards by Ruby Carlson - Brainscape b. prejudice b. Racist views distinguishing the descendants of Europeans from those of Africans became central to European racist attitudes. He has shared this information with his "Female professor receives prestigious grant." Similar effects occur when we categorize other people. b. nationalism. video-notes-from-discussion-posts-. b. discrimination. In short, Sarah is now arguing her points not so much for herself as she is as a representative of one of her ingroupsnamely, womenand John is acting as a representative of one of his ingroupsnamely, men. All Hispanics are nonwhite. c. Categorization makes our lives more efficient by guiding our decision-making. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is B. in-group bias Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(12), 16671678. Do you think the cultural stereotypes about your group have ever influenced your performance on a task. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(5), 456467. The genome between socially constructed racial groups is 99.5%-99.9% identical; the 0.1%-0.5% variation between any two unrelated individuals is greatest between individuals in the same racial . Attitude formation is the result of a number of influences. "People stereotype females as communal and males as agentic because they have observed During the next vote, Belinda changes her vote from guilty to not guilty. Steele and Aronson argued that thinking about negative stereotypes that are relevant to a task that one is performing creates stereotype threatperformance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes. Which of the following statements best represents variation in racial and ethnic identification across countries? Social perception and interpersonal behavior: On the self-fulfilling nature of social stereotypes. A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. d. institutional racism. In some cases, we categorize because doing so provides us with information about the characteristics of people who belong to certain social groups (Lee, Jussim, & McCauley, 1995). You can see that an interaction that began at individual level, as two individuals conversing, has now turned to the group level, in which John has begun to consider himself as a man, and Sarah has begun to consider herself as a woman. The Implicit Association Test at age 7: A methodological and conceptual review. ______ is the model of ethnic integration that exists in Switzerland. D. Human behavior is not easily changed by the expectations of others. d. Black women under age 35, Compared to 30 years ago, modern children's school textbooks: Music videos often emphasize women's sexuality rather than their musical talent. Jane Collins, a woman married to Mark Sullivan, wants her potential employer to view her as c. laws limiting the rights of blacks in South Africa under apartheid Indeed, social categorization occurs so quickly that people may have difficulty not thinking about others in terms of their group memberships (see Figure 12.3). b. d. El Salvadorians, During World War II, _______ were made to report to "relocation centers," which were effectively concentration camps. In this procedure, the experimenter first convinces the participants that he or he has access to their true beliefs, for instance, by getting access to a questionnaire that they completed at a prior experimental session.
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